DNMT and HDAC inhibitors together abrogate endotoxemia mediated macrophage death by STAT3-JMJD3 signaling

Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2018 Sep:102:117-127. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.07.002. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

Abstract

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common complication of sepsis that often leads to fatal lung disease without effective therapies. It is known that bone marrow derived macrophages are important in resolving the inflammation and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Here, we hypothesize that treatment in combination of DNA methyl transferase inhibitor (DNMTi) 5-Aza 2-deoxycytidine (Aza) and histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) Trichostatin A (TSA) mitigates the inflammation induced pyroptosis and apoptosis during endotoxemia induced ALI. To test this hypothesis, the mice challenged with a sublethal dose of LPS followed by one-hour post-treatment with a single dose of Aza and TSA intraperitoneally showed a substantial attenuation of apoptosis and inflammation. Importantly, we observed significant changes in the mitochondrial membrane structure, and lower levels of DNA fragmentation, reduced expression of apoptotic and pyroptotic genes both transcriptionally and translationally in LPS induced BMDMs treated by a combination of Aza and TSA than in LPS-induced BMDMs treated with either drug alone. The protection was mediated by an inhibition of JNK-ERK and STAT3-JMJD3 activated pathways. Thus, targeting these important signaling pathways with the combination of Aza and TSA would be a good treatment modality for ALI.

Keywords: Acute lung injury; Apoptosis; Epigenetic modifiers; Inflammation; JMJD3; Pyroptosis; STAT3.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Decitabine / pharmacology
  • Decitabine / therapeutic use
  • Drug Interactions
  • Endotoxemia / drug therapy*
  • Endotoxemia / immunology
  • Endotoxemia / pathology
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Hydroxamic Acids / pharmacology
  • Hydroxamic Acids / therapeutic use
  • Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases / metabolism*
  • Lung / drug effects
  • Lung / pathology
  • Macrophages / cytology*
  • Macrophages / drug effects
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mitochondrial Membranes / drug effects
  • Pyroptosis / drug effects
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects*

Substances

  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
  • Hydroxamic Acids
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • trichostatin A
  • Decitabine
  • Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases
  • KDM6B protein, human
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases