Self-presentational motives and public self-consciousness: Why do people dress a certain way?

J Pers. 2019 Jun;87(3):648-660. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12423. Epub 2018 Sep 3.

Abstract

Objective: This study examines the self-presentational motives underlying people's selection of their daily dress and relationships between these motives and public self-consciousness.

Method: Participants in this study, 61 working adults, described their motives for choosing what they wore each day for 2 weeks. They also provided trait-level measures of self-consciousness, social anxiety, and self-monitoring.

Results: Multilevel modeling analyses found positive relationships between public self-consciousness and the strength of various self-presentational motives for why people chose the clothes they wore each day. In contrast, there were few relationships between the strength of these motives and private self-consciousness, social anxiety, and self-monitoring. Participants felt better about themselves when they received compliments from others about their attire and when they were more (vs. less) satisfied with how they had dressed each day.

Conclusions: The results suggest that dispositional public self-consciousness manifests itself in daily life in the form of motives for choosing daily attire, specifically for motives that involve self-presentation.

Keywords: attire; diary study; self-consciousness; self-monitoring; self-presentation; well-being.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Clothing / psychology*
  • Decision Making
  • Emotions
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Motivation*
  • Self Concept*
  • Young Adult