After grasslands were contracted to individual households on the Qinghai-Tibetan Pla-teau, two grassland management patterns were formed, i.e., the single-household management pattern (SMP) and the multi-household management pattern (MMP). The soil nutrients and their spatial distributions under those two patterns were compared in the Nagchu Prefecture of Tibet. The results showed that the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus under the MMP (84.31, 6.87 and 0.59 g·kg-1) were all significantly higher than those under the SMP (73.57, 6.07 and 0.54 g·kg-1). On the vertical dimension, the variation coefficient of soil total phosphorous between 0-15 cm layer and 15-30 cm layer under SMP had no significant difference, while that of soil pH, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in 15-30 cm layer were all higher than 0-15 cm layer under both patterns. On the horizontal dimension, the variation coefficients of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen under SMP were significantly higher than those under MMP, with the estimated values for the former being 25.7% and 23.5%, and for the latter being 19.3% and 18.6%, respectively. Compared with the MMP, the uneven distribution of nutrients could easily lead to soil nutrient loss under the SMP.
草地承包制度实施后,青藏高原地区出现了单户与联户两种草地管理方式.本研究以西藏那曲县为研究区域,对两种管理方式的土壤养分及其空间分布进行了对比研究.结果表明: 联户土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷含量分别为84.31、6.87和0.59 g·kg-1,均显著高于单户(73.57、6.07和0.54 g·kg-1);垂直空间上,除单户0～15 cm土层土壤全磷的变异系数与15～30 cm土层无显著差异外,单户与联户15～30 cm土层土壤pH、有机碳和全氮的变异系数均显著大于0～15 cm土层;水平空间上,单户土壤有机碳和全氮变异系数分别为25.7%和23.5%,显著大于联户的19.3%和18.6%.与联户相比,单户土壤养分水平空间上的不均匀分布更容易造成土壤养分流失.
Keywords: Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; grassland contract; multi-household management pattern; single-household management pattern; soil nutrient..