Background: It has been known that anesthetic adjuvants such as dexamethasone or ketamine might change mood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a single dose of each drug individually along with their combined usage on postoperative mood changes in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery.
Methods: Two hundred ninety-seven patients randomly allocated were divided into three groups. Group K (n = 99) received a single dose of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg iv); group D (n = 99) received a single dose of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg iv), and group KD (n = 99) received both ketamine (0.5 mg/kg iv) and dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg iv) at 5 min after the induction of anesthesia. A change in the patient health questionnaire (PHQ)-9 scores on the first and third day after surgery, the duration of anesthesia, the postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and the patient controlled analgesia (PCA) consumption were evaluated.
Results: Groups K and KD showed a significant reduction in PHQ-9 score on both the first and third day after surgery compared with those recorded preoperatively and in group D (P < 0.01). There were no differences in the group D PHQ-9 scores pre- and post-operatively. The VAS for pain 24 h after surgery and the PCA consumption in group KD decreased significantly compared to the other two groups (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: A single dose of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) with or without combination with dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg) give iv 5 min after induction of general anesthetic produced significant improvement in the postoperative mood scores. A single intravenous dose of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg) alone did not change postoperative mood scores. The VAS for pain 24 h after surgery and the PCA consumption was significantly lower in patients who received combination of both drugs.
Keywords: Dexamethasone; Ketamine; Mood.