The mechanical properties of artificial intervertebral disc (AID) are related to long-term reliability of prosthesis. There are three testing methods involved in the mechanical performance evaluation of AID based on different tools: the testing method using mechanical simulator, in vitro specimen testing method and finite element analysis method. In this study, the testing standard, testing equipment and materials of AID were firstly introduced. Then, the present status of AID static mechanical properties test (static axial compression, static axial compression-shear), dynamic mechanical properties test (dynamic axial compression, dynamic axial compression-shear), creep and stress relaxation test, device pushout test, core pushout test, subsidence test, etc. were focused on. The experimental techniques using in vitro specimen testing method and testing results of available artificial discs were summarized. The experimental methods and research status of finite element analysis were also summarized. Finally, the research trends of AID mechanical performance evaluation were forecasted. The simulator, load, dynamic cycle, motion mode, specimen and test standard would be important research fields in the future.
人工椎间盘机械性能事关假体植入的长期可靠性。根据评估方法的不同，可将对人工椎间盘机械性能的评估方法分为试验机测试法、体外标本测试法和有限元分析法三大类。本文介绍了人工椎间盘机械性能评估的测试标准、试验机和材料，重点综述了采用试验机方法开展人工椎间盘静态机械性能（静态轴向压缩、静态轴向剪切）、动态机械性能（动态轴向压缩、动态轴向剪切）、轴向压缩蠕变、静态全器械推出、静态嵌件推出、沉降性能等测试的研究现状，归纳了体外标本测试法的主要实验技术和现有人工椎间盘的测试结果，概述了有限元方法的实验技术和研究现状。最后本文展望了人工椎间盘机械性能研究的发展趋势，测试设备、负载、动态循环次数、运动模式、标本及测试标准等方面将是未来的主要研究方向。.
Keywords: artificial intervertebral disc; biomechanical testing; dynamic mechanical testing; mechanical performance evaluation; static mechanical testing.