A randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of zoledronate gel as a local drug delivery system in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A clinical and radiological correlation

Abhaya Gupta; Vivek Govila; Vandana A Pant; Rajiv Gupta; Umesh P Verma; Hafsa Ahmad; Sumedha Mohan

doi:10.4103/njms.NJMS_12_18

A randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of zoledronate gel as a local drug delivery system in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A clinical and radiological correlation

Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2018 Jan-Jun;9(1):22-32. doi: 10.4103/njms.NJMS_12_18.

Authors

Abhaya Gupta¹, Vivek Govila², Vandana A Pant², Rajiv Gupta³, Umesh P Verma¹, Hafsa Ahmad⁴, Sumedha Mohan²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
² Department of Periodontology, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
³ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology and Management, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
⁴ Division of Pharmaceutics, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of local drug delivery system of zoledronate (ZLN) gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of human periodontal intrabony defects clinically and radiographically.

Materials and methods: Forty intrabony defects (three walled and combined defects without involving furcation) in moderate to severely affected forty chronic periodontitis patients (range, 30-50 years) were randomly divided into two groups and treated either with 0.05% ZLN gel (ZLN n = 20; 1 dropout) or placebo gel (control group [CG] n = 20) after SRP. Clinical parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), tooth-specific pocket probing depth (T_s PPD), and clinical attachment levels (TsCAL) were assessed at baseline and at 3 and 6 months using occlusal acrylic stent. Radiographic parameters were assessed at baseline and 6 months, utilizing "ONIS 2.5 PROFESSIONAL" and "SYNGO" software compatible with DentaScan to measure the volumetric bone changes in intrabony defects.

Results: In intragroup comparisons, both groups showed significant PI and GI reduction (P < 0.001) after treatment at 3 and 6 months. In intergroup comparisons, T_s PPD reduction and T_s CAL gain were significant only in ZLN at 6 months from both baseline and 3 months. Radiographically, significant reduction in defect depth and buccolingual width with volumetric defect gain of 40.24% ± 7.44% in ZLN compared to insignificant gain of 1.60% ± 4.06% in CG was observed at 6 months.

Conclusion: ZLN gel applied subgingivally in intrabony defects resulted in significant improvements both clinically and radiographically.

Keywords: Bisphosphonate; DentaScan; intrabony defects; local drug delivery; volumetric bone gain; zoledronate.