Vitamin C evaluation in foods for infants and young children by a rapid and accurate analytical method

Abstract

The validation of a rapid, precise (RSD < 4.6%), reliable and sensitive (LOD = 0.026 µg/mL) liquid chromatography method for vitamin C quantification in foods (infant formulae, n = 4; follow-on formulae, n = 3; processed cereal based-foods, n = 7; and baby foods, n = 10) for infants and young children is described. Vitamin C content ranged from 1.50 to 144 mg/100 g. A comparison between the declared values and the measured concentrations, as well as the accordance of these values with the tolerances, was performed. For 50% of the analysed foods, the measured vitamin C content was higher than the declared value. However, all the analysed foods were in compliance with EU legislation concerning the maximum limits of vitamin C added to foods. The results obtained will be very useful for analytical laboratory control, risk assessment, establishment of maximum limits, development and implementation of guidelines regarding nutrient recommendations and estimation of vitamin C intake among infants and young children.

Keywords: Ascorbic acid; Baby foods; EU tolerances; HPLC; Infant formula; Infants; Vitamin C.