Real-world Outcomes and Factors Predicting Survival and Completion of Radium 223 in Metastatic Castrate-resistant Prostate Cancer

Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2018 Sep;30(9):548-555. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2018.06.004. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Abstract

Aims: To analyse outcomes in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated with radium 223 (Ra-223) across the Yorkshire and Humber Cancer Network.

Materials and methods: A regional, multicentre, retrospective cohort study of 189 men undergoing Ra-223 for mCRPC between March 2014 and April 2017 was undertaken. Factors predicting overall survival and completion of planned treatment were assessed.

Results: The median overall survival for the entire cohort was 10.5 months. Those completing five to six cycles of Ra-223 had a higher overall survival of 18.6 months. On multivariable analysis, four factors remained independent significant predictors of overall survival: age (P = 0.005, hazard ratio 1.07 [1.02-1.12]); number of cycles of Ra-223: 5-6 versus 1-4 (P ≤ 0.001, hazard ratio 0.10 [0.005-0.20]); baseline alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.044, hazard ratio 1.06 [1.002-1.12]); neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.033, hazard ratio 1.19 [1.01-1.40]). Baseline performance status 0 versus 2 (P = 0.026, odds ratio 0.080 [0.001-0.74]) and higher baseline haemoglobin (P = 0.028, odds ratio 1.04 [1.004-1.074]) were independent predictors of the completion of five to six cycles of Ra-223.

Conclusions: Younger age, completion of five to six cycles of Ra-223, lower alkaline phosphatase and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio are predictors of overall survival. This is the first study to report neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as an independent predictor of overall survival in a Ra-223 cohort. Good performance status and higher baseline haemoglobin predict the completion of five to six cycles of Ra-223.

Keywords: Metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; overall survival; radium 223.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alkaline Phosphatase / blood
  • Bone Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Bone Neoplasms / secondary
  • Health Status
  • Hemoglobins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Lymphocyte Count
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neutrophils
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / blood*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / drug therapy*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / pathology
  • Radium / therapeutic use*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate

Substances

  • Hemoglobins
  • Radium-223
  • Alkaline Phosphatase
  • Radium