Obesity impairs leukocyte-endothelium cell interactions and oxidative stress in humans

Eur J Clin Invest. 2018 Aug;48(8):e12985. doi: 10.1111/eci.12985. Epub 2018 Jul 15.

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the relationship between leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and oxidative stress parameters in non-diabetic patients with different grades of obesity.

Material and methods: For this cross-sectional study, 225 subjects were recruited from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016 and divided into groups according to BMI (<30 kg/m2 , 30-40 kg/m2 and >40 kg/m²). We determined clinical parameters, systemic inflammatory markers, soluble cellular adhesion molecules, leukocyte-endothelium cell interactions-rolling flux, velocity and adhesion-, oxidative stress parameters-total ROS, total superoxide, glutathione-and mitochondrial membrane potential in leukocytes.

Results: We verified that HOMA-IR and hsCRP increased progressively as obesity developed, whereas A1c, IL6 and TNFα were augmented in the BMI > 40 kg/m² group. The cellular adhesion molecule sP-selectin was increased in patients with obesity, while sICAM, total ROS, total superoxide and mitochondrial membrane potential were selectively higher in the BMI > 40 kg/m² group. Obesity induced a progressive decrease in rolling velocity and an enhancement of rolling flux and leukocyte adhesion.

Conclusion: Our findings reveal that endothelial dysfunction markers are altered in human obesity and are associated with proinflammatory cytokines and increased oxidative stress parameters.

Keywords: atherogenesis; humans; mitochondrial membrane potential; obesity; reactive oxygen species.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cell Adhesion / physiology
  • Cell Communication / physiology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Endothelial Cells / physiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / metabolism
  • Leukocytes / physiology*
  • Male
  • Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / physiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / physiopathology*
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology*
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1