Schwannoma of the Fourth Ventricle: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature

World Neurosurg. 2018 Sep:117:357-362. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.06.025. Epub 2018 Jun 12.

Abstract

Background: Schwannomas have been reported in several unusual intracranial locations. Here we report 2 cases of extremely rare schwannomas originating in the fourth ventricle, without attachment to the surrounding structures. The clinical course, radiologic and pathological features, treatment, and follow-up are described.

Case description: Case 1 was a 49-year-old man who presented with symptoms of paroxysmal dizziness and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a mixed solid-cystic mass occupying the inferior half of the fourth ventricle. Complete excision of the tumor was performed via midline suboccipital craniectomy. The histological diagnosis was intraventricular schwannoma. Case 2 was an 18-year-old man with chronic vertigo and progressive gait unsteadiness. MRI revealed a heterogeneously enhancing lesion completely filling the fourth ventricle. An Ommaya tube was placed in the ventricle to relieve symptoms of hydrocephalus, followed by tumor resection performed via a suboccipital craniotomy. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma.

Conclusions: Fourth ventricular schwannomas are rare but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of contrast-enhancing intraventricular tumors in both children and adults. Although their etiopathological origin may differ from that of extra-axial schwannomas, their imaging, histology, and clinical course appear to be identical, and these tumors should be managed similarly.

Keywords: Fourth ventricle; Intra-axial schwannoma; Intraventricular; Schwannoma.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms / pathology
  • Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Fourth Ventricle / diagnostic imaging
  • Fourth Ventricle / surgery
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neurilemmoma / diagnosis*
  • Neurilemmoma / pathology
  • Neurilemmoma / surgery*