Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an actual problem today And it occurs 6 times more frequently in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) than in healthy population. CRC in IBD patients is more aggressive and needs total colectomy, which leads to permanent disability That is why canceroprevention is one of the key goals of IBD treatment. The aim of this review is to overview actual pathogenesis pathways of CRC in IBD and methods of chemoprevention. In this review we describe risk factors of CRC, which can be summarized as aggressive disease and chronic inflammation and are based on pathogenesis of CRC. That is the reason why methods of chemoprevention needs to influence on inflammation and other pathogenesis pathways. The role of such classes of medication as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 5-aminosalicylic acid, immunomodulators, ursodeoxycholic acid in canceroprevention in RD patients are described in this review.