Objective: To summarize the research progress on the source and selection of donor cells in the field of islet replacement therapy for diabetes mellitus.
Methods: Domestic and abroad literature concerning islet replacement therapy for diabetes mellitus, as well as donor source and donor selection was reviewed and analyzed thoroughly.
Results: The shortage of donor supply is still a major obstacle for the widely clinical application of pancreatic islet transplantation (PIT). Currently, in addition to the progress on the allogeneic/autologous donor islet supply, some remarkable achievements have been also attained in the application of xenogeneic islet (from pig donor), as well as islet like cells derived from stem cells and islet cell line, potentially enlarging the source of implantable cells.
Conclusion: Adequate and suitable donor cell supply is an essential prerequisite for widely clinical application of PIT therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Further perfection of organ donation system, together with development of immune-tolerance induction, gene and bioengineering technology etc. will possibly solve the problem of donor cell shortage and provide a basis for clinical application of cellular replacement therapy for T1DM.
目的: 综述糖尿病胰岛替代治疗的供体细胞来源及选择的研究进展。.
方法: 查阅近年来国内外关于糖尿病胰岛替代治疗及供体细胞来源的相关文献，进行总结分析。.
结果: 供体来源短缺仍是胰岛移植（pancreatic islet transplantation，PIT）面临的主要难题。目前，除同种异体/自体供胰外，异种（猪）胰岛、干细胞诱导胰岛及胰岛细胞株制备和应用等方面也取得了重要进展，潜在扩大了可植入细胞来源。.
结论: 充足、合适的供体细胞来源是临床广泛开展 PIT 治疗 1 型糖尿病（type 1 diabetes mellitus，T1DM）的前提。社会捐赠体系的完善，免疫耐受诱导、基因与生物工程等技术的发展有望解决供体细胞短缺问题，并为临床细胞替代治疗 T1DM 奠定了基础。.
Keywords: Islet transplantation; donator; stem cells; type 1 diabetes mellitus; xenotransplantation.