The Shiyang River Basin is an important ecological area of the Eastern Hexi Corridor, and is one of the most prominent areas of water conflict and ecological environment problems. An assessment of ecosystem quality in the Shiyang River Basin can provide a reference for ecological protection in arid inland basin. Based on the concept of ecosystem quality and the statistical yearbook, remotely sensed and land cover data, an evaluation index was established with consideration of three aspects of ecosystem (i.e., productivity, stability and bearing capacity). Kruskal-Wallis (Φ2) test and entropy method were applied to determine the weights of evaluation index. With the assistance of RS, GIS and SPSS software, a comprehensive evaluation and change analysis of ecosystem quality and corresponding index were conducted for various ecosystem types in the Shiyang River Basin in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. Results showed that the average ecosystem quality of the Shiyang River Basin was 57.76, and presented an obvious decrease with a magnitude of 0.72 per year du-ring 2000-2015. The spatial pattern of ecosystem quality was that the upstream was better than the midstream, and the midstream was superior to the downstream. The mean values of production capacity, stability and carrying capacity of ecosystem were 67.52, 45.37, and 58.53, respectively. Production capacity and stability had increased slightly, while carrying capacity gradually decreased. Considering various ecosystem types, the highest quality was detected for forest ecosystem with average annual value of 78.12, and this ecosystem presented the lowest decreasing magnitude of 0.28 per year; for grassland, farmland and urban ecosystems, the average annual value was 62.45, 58.76 and 50.29, respectively; the quality of wetland ecosystem was the lowest, and suffered the largest decline with an average rate of 0.98 per year.
石羊河流域是河西走廊东段重要生态区,也是用水矛盾最突出、生态环境问题最严重的地区之一,对其进行生态系统质量的评价,可为干旱区内陆河流域的生态保护工作提供借鉴.依据生态系统质量概念,以统计数据、遥感数据和土地覆被数据为基础,从生态系统的3方面(生产力、稳定性和承载力)构建评价指数,基于非参数Kruskal-Wallis卡方(χ2)检验和熵值法确定指标权重,结合RS、GIS和SPSS软件对2000、2005、2010和2015年石羊河流域不同生态系统类型的质量及各指数进行综合评价及变化分析.结果表明: 2000—2015年,石羊河流域生态系统质量均值为57.76,呈现显著下降趋势,年降幅为0.72,空间分布呈上游优于中游、中游优于下游的状态;生态系统生产能力、稳定性和承载力均值分别为67.52、45.37、58.53,生产能力和稳定性小幅上升,承载力逐渐下降.就各生态系统类型来看,森林生态系统质量最高,年均值为78.12,年降幅最小,为0.28;其次是草地、农田和城镇生态系统,年均值分别为62.45、58.76、50.29;湿地生态系统质量最低,年降幅最大,达0.98.
Keywords: Shiyang River Basin; arid area; ecosystem quality; geographic information system; inland river basin; remote sensing.