The Hyr1 protein from the fungus Candida albicans is a cross kingdom immunotherapeutic target for Acinetobacter bacterial infection

PLoS Pathog. 2018 May 10;14(5):e1007056. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007056. eCollection 2018 May.

Abstract

Different pathogens share similar medical settings and rely on similar virulence strategies to cause infections. We have previously applied 3-D computational modeling and bioinformatics to discover novel antigens that target more than one human pathogen. Active and passive immunization with the recombinant N-terminus of Candida albicans Hyr1 (rHyr1p-N) protect mice against lethal candidemia. Here we determine that Hyr1p shares homology with cell surface proteins of the multidrug resistant Gram negative bacterium, Acinetobacter baumannii including hemagglutinin (FhaB) and outer membrane protein A (OmpA). The A. baumannii OmpA binds to C. albicans Hyr1p, leading to a mixed species biofilm. Deletion of HYR1, or blocking of Hyr1p using polyclonal antibodies, significantly reduce A. baumannii binding to C. albicans hyphae. Furthermore, active vaccination with rHyr1p-N or passive immunization with polyclonal antibodies raised against specific peptide motifs of rHyr1p-N markedly improve survival of diabetic or neutropenic mice infected with A. baumannii bacteremia or pneumonia. Antibody raised against one particular peptide of the rHyr1p-N sequence (peptide 5) confers majority of the protection through blocking A. baumannii invasion of host cells and inducing death of the bacterium by a putative iron starvation mechanism. Anti-Hyr1 peptide 5 antibodies also mitigate A. baumannii /C. albicans mixed biofilm formation in vitro. Consistent with our bioinformatic analysis and structural modeling of Hyr1p, anti-Hyr1p peptide 5 antibodies bound to A. baumannii FhaB, OmpA, and an outer membrane siderophore binding protein. Our studies highlight the concept of cross-kingdom vaccine protection against high priority human pathogens such as A. baumannii and C. albicans that share similar ecological niches in immunocompromised patients.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Acinetobacter / drug effects
  • Acinetobacter Infections / immunology
  • Acinetobacter baumannii / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Antibodies, Bacterial / immunology
  • Bacteria / immunology
  • Bacterial Infections
  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Bacterial Vaccines / immunology
  • Biofilms
  • Candida albicans / metabolism
  • Candida albicans / pathogenicity
  • Fungal Proteins / immunology*
  • Fungal Proteins / metabolism
  • Fungal Proteins / pharmacology*
  • Immunization, Passive
  • Immunotherapy
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Vaccination

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
  • Bacterial Vaccines
  • Fungal Proteins
  • HYR1 protein, Candida albicans
  • OMPA outer membrane proteins