Field experiments, including four levels of N application 0, 18, 24, 30 g N·m-2, were carried out to clarify the effects of nitrogen fertilization on N accumulation and translocation in lea-ves as well as the seed quality of oil peony (Paeonia ostii 'Fengdan Group'). The results showed that the nitrogen application significantly increased the height, canopy, flower diameter and flower dry mass. The heights under the treatments 24 and 30 g N·m-2 increased by 14.7% and 15.2% compared with CK, respectively. Moreover, the nitrogen application improved seed yield. The highest seed yields were acquired under the treatments 24 and 30 g N·m-2, which were 15.2% and 15.4% higher than that of CK, respectively. The N accumulation and translocation in leaves and the N accumulation in seeds all increased with the nitrogen application level. The greatest leaf contribution proportion was acquired under the treatment 24 g N·m-2. The nitrogen application significantly increased the contents of protein N, total amino acid, and some saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in seeds. In this experiment, the N input of 24 g N·m-2 was optimal to obtain the higher N translocation amount, N translocation efficiency and N contribution proportion from leaves to seeds, seed yield as well as the contents of protein N, amino acid and unsaturated fatty acids.
利用田间栽培试验,研究0 (对照)、18、24和30 g N·m-2 4个氮肥用量对油用牡丹“凤丹”叶片氮素吸收转运以及籽粒产量和品质的影响.结果表明: 施用氮肥处理牡丹株高、冠幅、花径和花干质量与对照相比均显著增加,其中,24和30 g·m-2氮肥处理株高比对照分别增加14.7%和15.2%.施用氮肥提高了牡丹籽粒的相关指标,24和30 g·m-2氮肥处理籽粒产量达到最大,分别比对照增加15.2%和15.4%.施用氮肥明显增加了叶片氮素积累量、叶片氮素转移量和籽粒氮素积累量.其中,24 g·m-2氮肥处理叶片氮素对籽粒贡献率最大.与对照相比,施用氮肥明显提高了籽粒蛋白氮、总氨基酸,以及部分饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的含量.在本试验条件下,施氮量为24 g N·m-2时,叶片积累氮素向籽粒的转移量、转移率和贡献率均达到较高水平,籽粒产量较高,并且蛋白氮、氨基酸含量和不饱和脂肪酸含量也相对较高.
Keywords: N accumulation; N translocation; oil peony; seed quality.