A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of Sutureless Aortic Valve Replacement Versus Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Ann Thorac Surg. 2018 Sep;106(3):924-929. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.03.059. Epub 2018 Apr 27.

Abstract

Background: Sutureless aortic valve replacement (SU-AVR) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are increasingly adopted methods to treat high-risk patients with severe aortic valve stenosis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the clinical outcomes between these two recent methods to treat aortic valve disease.

Methods: We systematically searched multiple databases (January 2000 to October 2016) to identify original studies comparing clinical outcome between SU-AVR and TAVI. End points studied were early mortality, development of paravalvular leak, early stroke, bleeding events, and the need for pacemaker insertion. A random-effect inverse-variance weighted analysis was performed. Event rates were compared as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results: The meta-analysis included seven observational studies comprising 617 SU-AVR and 621 TAVI patients. Early mortality was 2.5% and 5% in the SU-AVR and TAVI cohorts, respectively (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.90; p = 0.02; I2 = 2%). Postprocedural significant paravalvular leak was much lower after SU-AVR (OR, 0.18l; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.30; p < 0.0001). Postprocedural stroke (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.24 to 2.08; p = 0.53) and the need for pacemaker insertion (OR, 0.884; 95% CI, 0.364 to 2.18; p = 0.7) were comparable between the two cohorts.

Conclusions: Our meta-analysis of observational studies demonstrates that early mortality is lower after SU-AVR than after TAVI in selected patients. The rates of stroke and pacemaker implant are comparable between procedures; however, the incidence of paravalvular leak is higher after TAVI.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / mortality
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Female
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / methods*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / mortality
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care*
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications / surgery
  • Prognosis
  • Propensity Score
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Reoperation / methods
  • Risk Assessment
  • Sutureless Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
  • Sutureless Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Sutureless Surgical Procedures / mortality
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / adverse effects
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / methods*
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / mortality
  • Treatment Outcome