Anti-Cancer Effects of Paris Polyphylla Ethanol Extract by Inducing Cancer Cell Apoptosis and Cycle Arrest in Prostate Cancer Cells

Denglu Zhang; Kailin Li; Chao Sun; Guangshang Cao; Yuanfu Qi; Zhaomin Lin; Yanxia Guo; Zhiyong Liu; Yuan Chen; Jiaxin Liu; Guanghui Cheng; Peng Wang; Lu Zhang; Jianye Zhang; Jiliang Wen; Dawei Xu; Feng Kong; Shengtian Zhao

doi:10.1159/000447209

Anti-Cancer Effects of Paris Polyphylla Ethanol Extract by Inducing Cancer Cell Apoptosis and Cycle Arrest in Prostate Cancer Cells

Curr Urol. 2018 Mar;11(3):144-150. doi: 10.1159/000447209. Epub 2018 Feb 20.

Authors

Denglu Zhang^{1

2}, Kailin Li^{3

2}, Chao Sun^{3

2}, Guangshang Cao¹, Yuanfu Qi¹, Zhaomin Lin³, Yanxia Guo³, Zhiyong Liu¹, Yuan Chen^{3

2}, Jiaxin Liu¹, Guanghui Cheng^{3

2}, Peng Wang^{3

2}, Lu Zhang³, Jianye Zhang⁴, Jiliang Wen⁴, Dawei Xu^{5

6}, Feng Kong^{3

2

6}, Shengtian Zhao^{1

4

2

6}

Affiliations

¹ The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
² Key Laboratory for Kidney Regeneration of Shandong Province, Jinan, China.
³ Department of Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
⁴ Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
⁵ Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁶ Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer Research, Jinan, China.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the potential anti-prostate cancer effects of Paris polyphylla ethanol extract (PPEE) and its underlying mechanisms.

Materials and methods: The anti-proliferation activity of PPEE was tested on PC3 and DU145 cells using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The pro-apoptotic and cell cycle arrest effects of PPEE were confirmed by flow cytometry. Apoptosis of prostate cancer cells was induced by PPEE through endogenous and exogenous pathways. A mouse xenograft model was used to examine its anti-prostate cancer effects in vivo.

Results: We found that the IC50 of PPEE on PC3 cells was 3.98 µg/ml and the IC50 of PPEE on DU145 cells was 8 µg/ml. PPEE induced prostate cancer cell apoptosis in a concentration dependent manner, through endogenous and exogenous pathways. PPEE induced PC3 cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 and G2/M phases, while in DU145cell it induced cell arrest in the G0/G1 phase. PPEE inhibited the growth of prostate cancer cells in vivo.

Conclusion: PPEE could inhibit prostate cancer growth in vitro and in vivo, induce apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, and cause cell cycle arrest, which laid the foundation for further research on the anti-tumor mechanism of PPEE.

Keywords: Cell appotosis; Cycle arrest; Paris polyphylla; Prostate cancer.