Amyloid cardiomyopathy: a hidden heart failure cause that is often misdiagnosed

Acta Clin Belg. 2018 Dec;73(6):460-461. doi: 10.1080/17843286.2018.1461179. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Abstract

Background: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a very common condition, especially in the elderly, characterized by dyspnea, orthopnea, nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea, and peripheral edema.

Clinical presentation and intervention: We report the case of a 76-year-old with CHF symptoms for the last 3 months. The ECG and transthoracic echocardiogram were suggestive of CHF due to amyloid cardiomyopathy. After cardiac MRI, a positive Congo red staining of subcutaneous fat aspiration and a negative genetic testing for mutant transthyretin, senile amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTRw) was expected.

Conclusion: Cardiac amyloidosis is remarkably underdiagnosed. Mostly, the treatment is supportive and differs from other typical causes of CHF, and thus, a high index of suspicion is required.

Keywords: Congestive heart failure; amyloidosis; cardiomyopathy; monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain; transthyretin.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amyloidosis* / complications
  • Amyloidosis* / diagnosis
  • Cardiomyopathies* / complications
  • Cardiomyopathies* / diagnosis
  • Echocardiography
  • Heart Failure / etiology*
  • Humans
  • Male