Argan oil prevents down-regulation induced by endotoxin on liver fatty acid oxidation and gluconeogenesis and on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α, (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and estrogen related receptor α (ERRα)

Riad El Kebbaj; Pierre Andreoletti; Hammam I El Hajj; Youssef El Kharrassi; Joseph Vamecq; Stéphane Mandard; Fatima-Ezzahra Saih; Norbert Latruffe; M'Hammed Saïd El Kebbaj; Gérard Lizard; Boubker Nasser; Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki

doi:10.1016/j.biopen.2015.10.002

Argan oil prevents down-regulation induced by endotoxin on liver fatty acid oxidation and gluconeogenesis and on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α, (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and estrogen related receptor α (ERRα)

Biochim Open. 2015 Oct 31:1:51-59. doi: 10.1016/j.biopen.2015.10.002. eCollection 2015.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Laboratoire BioPeroxIL (Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique), EA 7270, 21000 Dijon, France.
² Laboratoir de Biochimie et Neurosciences, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan I, BP 577, 26 000 Settat, Morocco.
³ Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de la Santé, Institut supérieur des sciences de la santé Université Hassan I, Route de Casablanca. 14 BP 539, 26 000 Settat, Morocco.
⁴ INSERM and HMNO, CBP, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille and RADEME EA 7364, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille 2, 59045 Lille, France.
⁵ Lipness Team, INSERM, Research Center UMR866 and LabEx LipSTIC, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France.
⁶ Laboratoire de recherche sur les lipoprotéines et l'Athérosclérose, Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik, Avenue Cdt Driss El Harti, BP 7955, Université Hassan II-Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco.

Abstract

In patients with sepsis, liver metabolism and its capacity to provide other organs with energetic substrates are impaired. This and many other pathophysiological changes seen in human patients are reproduced in mice injected with purified endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). In the present study, down-regulation of genes involved in hepatic fatty acid oxidation (FAOx) and gluconeogenesis in mice exposed to LPS was challenged by nutritional intervention with Argan oil. Mice given a standard chow supplemented or not with either 6% (w/w) Argan oil (AO) or 6% (w/w) olive oil (OO) prior to exposure to LPS were explored for liver gene expressions assessed by mRNA transcript levels and/or enzyme activities. AO (or OO) food supplementation reveals that, in LPS-treated mice, hepatic expression of genes involved in FAOx and gluconeogenesis was preserved. This preventive protection might be related to the recovery of the gene expressions of nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and estrogen related receptor α (ERRα) and their coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α, (PGC-1α). These preventive mechanisms conveyed by AO against LPS-induced metabolic dysregulation might add new therapeutic potentialities in the management of human sepsis.

Keywords: ACADL, acyl CoA dehydrogenase long-chain; ACADM, acyl CoA dehydrogenase medium-chain; ACADS, acyl CoA dehydrogenase short-chain; ACOX1, acyl-CoA oxidase 1; AO, Argan oil; Argan oil; Beta-oxidation; Coactivator; ERRα, estrogen related receptor α; G6PH, glucose-6-phosphatase; Gluconeogenesis; Glut2, glucose transporter 2; Glut4, glucose transporter 4; HNF-4α, hepatic nuclear factor-4α; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; Nuclear receptor; OO, olive oil; PEPCK, phospoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α; PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α.