Regulation of melanocyte stem cell behavior by the niche microenvironment

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2018 Sep;31(5):556-569. doi: 10.1111/pcmr.12701. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

Abstract

Somatic stem cells are regulated by their niches to maintain tissue homeostasis and repair throughout the lifetime of an organism. An excellent example to study stem cell/niche interactions is provided by the regeneration of melanocytes during the hair cycle and in response to various types of injury. These processes are regulated by neighboring stem cells and multiple signaling pathways, including WNT/β-catenin, KITL/KIT, EDNs/EDNRB, TGF-β/TGF-βR, α-MSH/MC1R, and Notch signaling. In this review, we highlight recent studies that have advanced our understanding of the molecular crosstalk between melanocyte stem cells and their neighboring cells, which collectively form the niche microenvironment, and we focus on the question of how McSCs/niche interactions shape the responses to genotoxic damages and mechanical injury.

Keywords: cell-cell interaction; intrinsic factors; self-maintenance; signaling pathways; stem cell niche.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Melanocytes / cytology
  • Melanocytes / physiology*
  • Pigmentation
  • Signal Transduction
  • Stem Cell Niche / physiology*
  • Stem Cells / cytology
  • Stem Cells / physiology*