An 1H NMR-based metabolomic approach to compare the chemical profiling of retail samples of ground roasted and instant coffees

Food Res Int. 2018 Apr:106:263-270. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.077. Epub 2017 Dec 5.

Abstract

The present non-targeted 1H NMR-based fingerprinting approach along with multivariate analysis established differences between representative aqueous extracts of commercial ground roasted coffee (GRC) and instant (soluble) coffee (IC) samples. The latter were prepared either by spray drying or freeze drying. When comparing a total of 33 compounds between GRC and IC, the latter product contained a remarkable increase in 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and carbohydrates, as well as a clear decrease in trigonelline, N-methylpyridinium, caffeine, caffeoylquinic acids and 2-furylmethanol. Furthermore, the current protocol was able to detect the subtle chemical differences between spray-dried and freeze-dried IC. The aforementioned metabolites could serve as target molecules in the attempt to preserve, as much as possible, the organoleptic and nutraceutical properties of GRC during the industrial drying processes used in the production of the two commercial types of IC.

Keywords: Fingerprinting; Instant coffee; Metabolomics; Multivariate analysis; NMR; Roasted coffee.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alkaloids / analysis
  • Caffeine / analysis
  • Carbohydrates / analysis
  • Coffea / chemistry*
  • Coffee / chemistry*
  • Desiccation / methods
  • Food Handling / methods*
  • Freeze Drying
  • Furaldehyde / analogs & derivatives
  • Furaldehyde / analysis
  • Hot Temperature
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / methods*
  • Metabolomics / methods*
  • Quinic Acid / analogs & derivatives
  • Quinic Acid / analysis
  • Seeds / chemistry*

Substances

  • Alkaloids
  • Carbohydrates
  • Coffee
  • caffeoylquinic acid
  • Quinic Acid
  • Caffeine
  • trigonelline
  • 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
  • Furaldehyde