Association between vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome risk factors

Abstract

Background: The concern with the incidence of chronic-degenerative diseases is increasing worldwide, and many studies have shown that insufficiency of vitamin D (VD) can be linked to several metabolic disorders.

Aims: Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association of the metabolic syndrome risk factors, atherogenic indices and VD in a group of patients attended at a Cardiology Center.

Methods: For this study, we invited 200 patients of both sexes attended in a Cardiology Center (Medical School of Marilia - São Paulo - Brazil). Most were female (n = 111) and aged between 41 and 70 years (from march to august, 2017).

Results: Our results showed that only 20.0% of the patients presented normal levels of VD. Patients with altered values for this vitamin presented significantly higher values for glycemia, HbA1c, Total cholesterol, LDL-c, triglycerides, Castelli Index I, Castelli Index II, Body Mass Index, waist circumference, non-HDL-c and the estimative of the size of the LDL-c particle. Vitamin D correlated negatively with glycemia, HbA1C, triglycerides, atherogenic indices, Body Mass Index, and blood pressure. Multiple Regression Model showed that for an individual to maintain metabolic parameters, at least at borderline values, the levels of VD should be 37.64 that is not in accordance with the reference values.

Conclusions: These results showed a remarkable prevalence of low concentrations of Vitamin D in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.

Keywords: Atherogenic index; Metabolic syndrome; Vitamin D.