Heterophyllin B Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in RAW 264.7 Macrophages by Suppressing the PI3K/Akt Pathways

Molecules. 2018 Mar 21;23(4):717. doi: 10.3390/molecules23040717.

Abstract

Heterophyllin B (HB), an active cyclic peptide, is a compound existing in the ethyl acetate extract of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax and exhibited the activity of inhibiting the production of NO and cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6, in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, HB suppressed the production of ROS and the apoptosis induced by LPS in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The underlying mechanism was investigated in the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The results showed that HB decreased the level of IL-1β and IL-6 expression by qRT-PCR analysis. HB up-regulated the relative ratio of p-AKT/AKT and p-PI3K/PI3K as indicated by western blot analysis. In summary, HB inhibited the LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and represented a potential therapeutic target for treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Keywords: Heterophyllin B; anti-apoptosis; anti-inflammatory effect; anti-oxidative effect.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Inflammation / drug therapy*
  • Inflammation / pathology*
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Macrophages / drug effects
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Macrophages / pathology*
  • Mice
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress* / drug effects
  • Peptides, Cyclic / chemistry
  • Peptides, Cyclic / pharmacology
  • Peptides, Cyclic / therapeutic use*
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism*
  • Phosphorylation / drug effects
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism*
  • RAW 264.7 Cells
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction* / drug effects

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Peptides, Cyclic
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • heterophyllin B
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt