Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria associated with avocado display antagonistic activity against Phytophthora cinnamomi through volatile emissions

PLoS One. 2018 Mar 20;13(3):e0194665. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194665. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Rhizobacteria associated with crops constitute an important source of potentially beneficial microorganisms with plant growth promoting activity or antagonistic effects against phytopathogens. In this study, we evaluated the plant growth promoting activity of 11 bacterial isolates that were obtained from the rhizosphere of healthy avocado trees and from that of avocado trees having survived root rot infestations. Seven bacterial isolates, belonging to the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Arthrobacter, promoted in vitro growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. These isolates were then tested for antagonistic activity against Phytophthora cinnamomi, in direct dual culture assays. Two of those rhizobacterial isolates, obtained from symptomatic-declining trees, displayed antagonistic activity. Isolate A8a, which is closely related to Bacillus acidiceler, was also able to inhibit P. cinnamomi growth in vitro by 76% through the production of volatile compounds. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) and analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) allowed to tentatively identify the main volatiles emitted by isolate A8a as 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one and 3-amino-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one. These volatile compounds have been reported to show antifungal activity when produced by other bacterial isolates. These results confirm the significance of rhizobacteria and suggest that these bacteria could be used for biocontrol of soil borne oomycetes through their volatiles emissions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibiosis / drug effects
  • Antibiosis / physiology*
  • Persea / growth & development
  • Persea / microbiology*
  • Phytophthora / drug effects*
  • Plant Development / drug effects
  • Plant Development / physiology
  • Plant Roots / drug effects
  • Plant Roots / growth & development
  • Plant Roots / microbiology
  • Rhizobiaceae / metabolism
  • Rhizobiaceae / physiology*
  • Rhizosphere*
  • Soil / chemistry
  • Soil Microbiology
  • Volatile Organic Compounds / metabolism
  • Volatile Organic Compounds / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Soil
  • Volatile Organic Compounds

Grants and funding

The corresponding author declares that, him self, Alfonso Méndez-Bravo was partially supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), México (grants number CB-2014, 242999 and LN-2017, 280505) and Frédérique Reverchon was supported by institutional funding from Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (INECOL, 20030/11439). It is important as well, to mention that there was no additional external funding received for this study.