Objective: To understand the malaria epidemic situation in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the effective malaria elimination strategies and measures in this province.
Methods: The data from the Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were collected and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method for the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014.
Results: A total of 997 malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014, there were 618 cases of vivax malaria, 352 cases of falciparum malaria, 18 cases of Plasmodium ovale infection, and 9 cases of Plasmodium malariae infection. Among all the reported cases, 479 were local cases and 518 were imported cases. No local malaria cases were reported from Hubei Province since 2013. The overall imported malaria cases showed a gradual increasing trend from 2010 to 2014, the proportion of falciparum malaria increased quite significantly from 2010 to 2014. The malaria cases were mainly distributed in Xiangyang, Wuhan, Xiaogan, Yichang, Jingmen and Suizhou cities, reaching 81.85% of the cases of the whole province. There were 810 male cases and 187 female cases, with a sex ratio of 4.33:1. The local malaria cases were mainly aged from 40 to 69 years, accounted for 78.29% of the total local cases, and 88.22% (457/518) of the whole local cases were concentrated in 20-49 age groups. The local cases were mainly farmers (67.01%). Among the imported malaria cases, the occupation distribution concentrated mainly on the worker, migrant worker, and farmer (63.90%).
Conclusions: The local malaria epidemic situation has been effectively controlled in Hubei Province, which reflects the initiative achievements of malaria elimination. However, there are still many imported malaria cases from abroad. Therefore, the imported malaria from abroad still remains the key of malaria control in Hubei Province.
［摘要］目的 了解2010–2014年湖北省疟疾流行特征, 为制订和调整全省消除疟疾策略和措施提供参考依据。方 法 收集2010–2014年中国疾病预防控制信息系统网络报告中湖北省疟疾病例资料, 采用描述流行病学方法分析2010-2014年湖北省网络报告疟疾病例的流行病学特征。结果 2010–2014年湖北省共报告疟疾病例997 例, 其中间日疟 618 例、恶性疟352 例、卵形疟18 例、三日疟9 例; 本地疟疾病例479 例, 输入性疟疾病例518 例。自2013年起无本地感 染病例; 输入性疟疾病例数逐年上升, 其中以输入性恶性疟病例数上升更为明显。81.85%的病例分布在襄阳、武汉、孝 感、宜昌、荆门和随州6个市; 男性病例810例, 女性187例, 男女性别比为4.33:1。本地疟疾发病以40～69岁居多, 占本 地病例总数的78.29% (375/479); 输入性疟疾发病以20～49岁居多, 占输入性病例总数的88.22% (457/518) 。本地疟疾 病例中, 职业以农民为主 (67.01%); 输入疟疾病例中, 职业以工人、民工和农民为主 (63.90%) 。结论 湖北省本地感染 疟疾疫情已得到有效控制, 初步实现消除疟疾目标; 但输入性疟疾病例逐年增多, 是目前全省疟疾防控工作的重点。.
Keywords: Epidemic situation; Epidemiological characteristics; Hubei Province; Imported cases; Malaria.