Objective: To analyze the change of endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Jingzhou City of Hubei Province, so as to provide evidence for the development of future control strategy.
Methods: The data of endemic situation of schistosomiasis and the implementation of integrated control measures were collected and analyzed in the 9 counties (districts, cities) of Jing-zhou City from 2004 to 2014.
Results: The endemic situation of schistosomiasis appeared a decline year by year since 2004. The prevalence of human Schistosoma japonicum infection was 0.40% in 2014, which was reduced by 95.72% as compared to that in 2004, and the fitting exponential equation was y = 11.067e-0.240x. The incidence of acute schistosomiasis reduced to less than 0.5 per 100 000 in 2007. No acute infection was found since 2010, and no emergency epidemics occurred for successive 9 years. It was estimated that there were currently 22 547 people infected with S. japonicum, which reduced by 85.87% in relative to 2004. The prevalence of cattle S. japonicum infection reduced to 0 in 2014, with a 100% reduction as compared to that in 2004, and the fitting exponential equation was y = 15.69e-0.339 8x. The actual Oncomelania hupensis snail area was 31 084.00 hm2, which reduced of 1931.21 hm2 as compared to that in 2004, with a 5.91% reduction, and no schistosome-infected snails were found since 2012. Both human and animal schistosome infections reduced to less than 1% in all administrative villages in 2013.
Conclusions: The implementation of the key schistosomiasis program and whole-county promotion and province-ministry joint integrated control program results in effective control of schistosomiasis in Jingzhou City. However, further control programs are required to consolidate the achievements, interrupt and eliminate schistosomiasis.
［摘要］ 目的 分析湖北省荆州市血吸虫病疫情变化趋势, 为制定下阶段防治策略提供依据。 方法 收集整理2004-2014年荆州市9个县 (市、区) 血吸虫病疫情年报资料和综合治理措施落实情况, 建立Excel表格, 采用SPSS软件对数据 进行统计分析。 结果 2004年以来, 荆州市血吸虫病疫情逐年下降, 2014年全市人群血吸虫感染率为0.40%, 比2004年 下降了95.72%, 拟合指数方程y = 11.067e-0.240x, R2 = 0.899 (F = 80.40, P < 0.01)。 2007年急性血吸虫病发病率降至0.5/10万 以下, 2010年以后无急性血吸虫感染发生。 流行病学调查推算荆州市现有血吸虫病人降至22 547人, 比2004年下降了 85.87%。 耕牛血吸虫感染率降至0, 下降了100%, 拟合指数方程为y = 15.69e-0.3398x, R2 = 0.878 (F = 73.11, P < 0.01)。 实有 钉螺面积31 084.00 hm2, 比2004年减少了1 931.21 hm2, 下降了5.91%。 2012年感染性钉螺降至0, 之后未再发现感染性 钉螺。 2013年以行政村为单位, 人、畜血吸虫感染率均降至1%以下。 结论 通过实施血吸虫病重点项目、整县推进和省 部联动综合治理项目, 荆州市血吸虫病疫情显著下降。 但巩固防治成果、阻断和消除血吸虫病传播的任务依然艰巨。.
Keywords: Endemic situation; Jingzhou City; Schistosomiasis.