Objective: To understand the breeding situations of mites and insects from bed mats in dormitories in a college in Wuhu City, so as to provide evidences for improving the prevention and control of mites.
Methods: From March to May, 2015, the dust samples from bed mats in student dormitories were collected and detected for mites and insects by microscopy. In addition, the intervention measures including soaking the mats in the warm water, exposing the mats to the sunlight for a long time and cleaning up the indoor environment were carried out, and the breeding situations of mites and insects before and after the intervention were compared.
Results: A total of 428 dust samples from bed mats were collected, and the total infestation rate of mites and insects was 71.03%. There were 11 species of mites and insects identified, among which, the infestation rate of Dermatophagoides farinae (60.05%) was the highest, following by that of Liposcelis bostrychophilus (40.89%) . The infestation rates of Cheyletus malaccensis, Blattisocius sp. and Pyemotes sp. were 9.81%, 3.74% and 1.64%, respectively, and the above mites might cause dermatits. The infestation rates of mites and insects in dust samples from bed mats stored in indoor corner, wardrobe, bed bottom, and the balcony corner were 74.75%, 71.26%, 61.17%, and 77.78%, respectively, and the differences among them were not statistically significant (χ2 = 7.030, P > 0.05) . The detectable rates of mites and insects in dust samples from bed mats with no cover, wrapped with cloth bags, and wrapped with plastic bags were 85.58%, 78.13%, and 14.29%, respectively, and the differences among them were statistically significant (χ2 = 164.303, P < 0.05) . After the intervention, both the infestation rates of mites and insects as well as the average density of mites were decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 = 45.615, t = 3.203, both P < 0.05) .
Conclusions: The infestation rates of mites and insects in bed mats of the dormitories in the college of Wuhu City are high, and among all the species of mites infested, D. farina are preponderant. The intervention measures, such as prepacking bed mats by adequate sealing, soaking bed mats in the warm water, exposing the bed mats to the sunlight and cleaning indoor environment, have an inhibiting effect to the infestation of mites and insects.
［摘要］ 目的 了解芜湖市某高校大学生宿舍储存状态下的床席螨类和昆虫孳生情况, 为加强对学生宿舍螨类及相关 疾病的控制和宣传教育提供理论依据。 方法 2015年3-5月, 采用随机抽样的调查方法, 收集学生宿舍内不同储存位 置、储存方式的床席屑灰样本, 镜下分离、制成玻片标本, 并进行螨种鉴定和计数。 采用温水浸泡、暴晒床席和清扫室内 积尘等干预措施, 比较干预前后宿舍床席螨类和昆虫检出情况。 结果 共收集样本428份, 螨类和昆虫检出率为 71.03%。 共分离鉴定螨和昆虫11种, 其中粉尘螨检出率最高, 为60.05%; 其次为嗜卷书虱, 检出率为40.89%; 致痒螨类 主要有马六甲肉食螨、蠊螨和蒲螨等, 其检出率分别为9.81%、3.74%和1.64%。 存放于室内角落、衣柜内、床铺最底层、阳 台角落4种储存位置的床席螨类和昆虫检出率分别为74.75%、71.26%、61.17%、77.78%, 差异无统计学意义 (χ2 = 7.030, P > 0.05)。 无包裹、布袋包裹和塑料袋包裹3种储存方式的床席螨类和昆虫检出率依次为85.58%、78.13%、14.29%, 差 异有统计学意义 (χ2 = 164.303, P < 0.05)。 采取干预措施后, 螨类和昆虫检出率及螨类平均孳生密度均显著下降, 差异 均有统计学意义 (χ2 = 45.615, t = 3.203, P均< 0.05)。 结论 该高校学生宿舍床席螨类和昆虫检出率高, 以粉尘螨最为 普遍; 采用塑料袋封闭保存、温水浸泡、暴晒床席、清扫房屋积尘等干预措施可抑制床席螨类和昆虫的孳生。.
Keywords: Bed mat; College; Dermatophagoides farinae; Insect; Liposcelis bostrychophila; Mites; Student dormitory; Wuhu City.