Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Nanjing City, so as to provide the evidence for further formulating and adjusting the malaria prevention and control strategy.
Methods: The data of malaria situation, malaria cases and epidemiological investigations were collected from the Internet Reporting System in Nanjing City from 2010 to 2015 and analyzed statistically.
Results: A total of 137 confirmed malaria cases were reported in Nanjing City from 2010 to 2015, including 102 falciparum malaria cases (74.45%), 33 vivax malaria cases (24.09%), one ovale malaria case (0.73%) and one quartan malaria case (0.73%). Among the 137 malaria cases, 126 cases (91.97%) were imported from foreign countries, 2 cases (1.46%) were infected locally, and nine cases (6.57%) were imported from other provinces in China. Among the 126 overseas imported cases, 117 cases were imported from African countries and 9 from Asian countries. These malaria cases were majorly young men working as migrant workers, laborers and technical persons. About 19.30% of the cases went to hospital on onset day, and 55.65% were confirmed by medical institutions as malaria in the same day. The majority of diagnosis institutions were municipal hospitals (74.45%).
Conclusions: The number of malaria cases in Nanjing City is declining year by year. The local infections are eliminating gradually. However, the situation of imported malaria from overseas is still serious. Therefore, the surveillance work and health education still should be strengthened, so as to reduce the risk of imported malaria.
[摘要]目的 分析2010-2015年南京市疟疾流行特征, 为下一步制定和调整疟疾的防控策略和措施提供依据。 方法收集2010-2015年南京市网络报告的疟疾疫情资料、病例个案调查和流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。 结果 2010-2015 年南京市共报告疟疾确诊病例137 例, 其中恶性疟102 例 (74.45%)、间日疟33 例 (24.09%)、卵形疟1 例 (0.73%)、三日疟1例 (0.73%); 境外感染126例 (91.97%)、本地感染2例 (1.46%)、省外感染9例 (6.57%)。境外输入病例 中有117例来自非洲国家, 9例来自亚洲国家。患者人群主要为青壮年男性, 职业以农民工、工人、技术人员为主。发病 当天就诊的病例占19.30%, 就诊当天即确诊的病例占55.65%, 确诊单位以市级医院为主 (74.45%)。 结论 南京市疟疾 疫情呈逐年下降的趋势, 本地感染逐步消除, 但境外输入疫情仍然严重。因此需要加强对出入境人员的管理和监测, 提 高医疗机构专业人员对疟疾的临床诊治能力, 同时对重点人群开展疟疾健康教育, 以降低疟疾的发病风险。.
Keywords: Epidemiological characteristic; Malaria; Nanjing City; Prevention and control.