Biomonitoring can be applied to assess internal exposure and environmental exposure by exposure markers with providing internal exposure to biological characterization and individual exposure information, which is a key tool to evaluate the risk exposure to disease by biological alternation information. With the development of high throughput, broad spectrum and high efficiency screening and detection technology, biomonitoring is defined as traditional biological monitoring (targeted monitoring) and non targeted monitoring analysis (exposomic approaches). An exposomic approach differs from traditional biomonitoring in that it can theoretically include all exposures of potential health significance, whether they are derived from exogenous sources. Both traditional and nontraditional biomonitoring methods should be used to understand the complexity of exposures faced throughout the lifespan. Through hybrid approaches, emerging techniques and the integration of bioinformatics, and developing the detection methods for low abundance chemicals, improving the differentiation ability between endogenous and exogenous chemical, the health outcomes and exposures can be widely recognized and characterized, which can finally contribute to improving the precise prevention and intervention for diseases under the new exposomic model.
生物监测通过观察体内生物学信息改变，提供内暴露的生物表征和个体暴露信息，应用暴露标志物来评价内暴露和环境外暴露，是评价暴露-疾病风险的关键工具。随着高通量、广谱、高效的甄别检测技术的发展，生物监测可以分为传统生物监测(有目标的监测)和非目标性的监测分析(暴露组)。暴露组生物监测方法旨在识别对健康和疾病有影响的所有潜在暴露指征，但其生物样品的可及性和质量，以及对新物质特别是非持久性化学物质的识别与监测，乃至如何综合运用统计学处理暴露组复杂的数据集仍面临巨大挑战。结合新兴技术、无目标性的生物监测方法与传统的生物监测技术，结合生物信息学，发展低丰度化学物质的检测方法，提高内源性分子与外源性分子的区分能力，实现内暴露广泛的识别及健康结局的表征，最终在新环境暴露组模式下，提高疾病的精准预防和干预。.
Keywords: Biomonitoring; Combined application; Environmental exposure; Exposome; Population surveillance.