Objective: In order to evaluate disease perception of asthma patients in urban China and provide evidence for further specific patient education. Methods: A multi-center, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was carried out in 30 general hospitals dispersed in 30 provinces of mainland China (except for Tibet) during Oct 2015 to May 2016. Information of disease perception [Question 1: the disease nature of asthma; Question 2: medication choice of first-line in chronic asthma; Question 3: the occasion of using short-acting aerosols of receptor agonists; Question 4: perception of asthma treatment goal; Question 5: reason for not using peak flow meter (PFM)] were collected from asthma patients of outpatient department. These results were compared with the same type of survey results from 2007-2008. Results: Altogether 3 875 asthmatic outpatients were recruited. 69.0% (2 660/3 857) of the patients had right perception on the disease nature of asthma, 60.2% (2 321/3 857) of the patients considered inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)/inhaled corticosteroids plus long-acting beta2-agonists (ICS+ LABA) as daily-used first-line medication for chronic asthma. 85.7% (3 277/3 823) of the patients had right perception on the condition of using short-acting beta2-agonists (SABA). 75.4% (2 761/3 661) of the patients had right perception on asthma treatment goal. Only 10.1% (388/3 837) of the patients used PFM. Of the reasons for not using PFM, 65.2% (2 518/3 860) of the patients chose doctors never introduced. Among the 10 cities, which were also involved in the asthma control survey in 2007-2008, 71.1% (968/1 361) of the patients had right perception on the disease nature of asthma, 61.6% (839/1 362) of the patients considered ICS/ICS+ LABA as daily-used first-line medication for chronic asthma. 88.7% (1 207/1 361) of the patients had right perception on the condition of using SABA. 74.5% (1 013/1 360) of the patients had right perception on asthma treatment goal. 17.9% (244/1 360) of the patients used PFM. Of the reasons for not using PFM, 76.2% (931/1 221) of the patients chose doctors never introduced. Compared to the survey conducted in 2007-2008, the perception on disease nature and medication choice as daily-used first-line medication for chronic asthma significantly improved, the perception on occasion of using SABA and asthma treatment goal was comparable, while the rate of PFM usage showed no significant improvement. In reasons of not using PFM, doctors never introduced ranked the first. Conclusions: Compared to the similar survey conducted in 2007-2008, the overall status of disease perception of asthma patients has been improved in urban China, while the rate of PFM usage showed no significant improvement. Asthma education on asthma and asthma self-management should be further pushed forward.
目的： 调查分析我国城区门诊支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)患者疾病认知状况。 方法： 本研究为多中心横断面研究，采用面对面问卷调查，覆盖我国内地(除西藏外)30个省、自治区、直辖市的30个城市，2015年10月至2016年5月期间就诊于30家分中心门诊的符合入选标准的哮喘患者依次入组本研究。调查内容为患者对哮喘疾病认知相关问题的回答(问题1：哮喘是一种怎样的疾病？问题2：慢性持续期哮喘每日规律使用的一线药物是什么？问题3：短效β(2)受体激动剂(SABA)气雾剂在什么情况下使用最合理？问题4：哮喘的治疗目标是什么？问题5：未使用峰流速仪的原因？)。并将调查结果与2007—2008年同类型调查结果进行比较。 结果： 共纳入3 875例门诊哮喘患者，其中69.0%(2 660/3 857)的患者对哮喘的疾病本质具有正确的认知，60.2%(2 321/3 857)的患者认为吸入糖皮质激素或复合制剂应当作为慢性持续期哮喘每日规律使用的一线治疗药物，85.7%(3 277/3 823)的患者对SABA气雾剂的使用时机做出了正确的回答，75.4%(2 761/3 661)患者对哮喘治疗目标有正确的认知，仅10.1%(388/3 837)的患者使用过峰流速仪，未使用峰流速仪的原因中，回答医师从未介绍过的占65.2%(2 518/3 860)。曾参与2007—2008年哮喘控制调查的10个城市的结果分析显示，71.1%(968/1 361)的患者对哮喘的疾病本质具有正确的认知，61.6%(839/1 362)的患者认为吸入糖皮质激素或复合制剂应当作为慢性持续期哮喘每日规律使用的一线治疗药物，88.7%(1 207/1 361)的患者对SABA气雾剂的使用时机做出了正确的回答，74.5%(1 013/1 360)患者对哮喘治疗目标有正确的认知，17.9%(244/1 360)的患者使用过峰流速仪，未使用峰流速仪的原因中，回答医师从未介绍过的占76.2%(931/1 221)。与2007—2008年调查结果相比，患者对哮喘疾病本质和对慢性持续期哮喘每日规律应用一线治疗药物选择的认知水平有明显提高；对SABA气雾剂应用时机和哮喘治疗目标的认知水平相近；峰流速仪使用率未有显著改善，主要原因是医师从未介绍过。 结论： 与2007—2008年同类型调查相比，我国城区哮喘患者疾病认知总体情况有所改善，但峰流速仪使用率未有显著提高。应更广泛地开展哮喘及自我管理的哮喘教育。.
Keywords: Asthma; Cross-sectional studies; Disease perception; Questionnaires.