Background: Tibial component coverage (TCC) and tibial rotational angle (TRA) have been studied simultaneously in simulations, but not in clinical studies after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purposes of this study were (1) to evaluate TCC and rotational setting postoperatively in mobile-bearing TKA patients and (2) to compare the results with previously published simulation data.
Methods: We prospectively examined 100 patients who underwent primary TKA using the LCS® Total Knee System (LCS) posterior cruciate ligament-substituting prosthesis. Clinical outcomes, TCC (coverage area of the tibial component over the tibia), and TRA (relative to the femoral transepicondylar axis (TEA)) were assessed. Quantitative three-dimensional computed tomography was used to assess TCC and TRA. All values are expressed as median (25th percentile, 75th percentile) using minus (-) for internal and plus (+) for external rotation.
Results: Hospital for Special Surgery scores improved from 46 (36, 50) preoperatively to 92 (90, 92) postoperatively. TRA showed a median divergence of - 2.0° (- 4.75°, + 2.74°). All knees were located within 10° of the TEA (range - 10.0° to + 9.7°). The median TCC of the knees was 82.7% (80.6, 84.7%), and there were no knees that hung over the tibial component in any direction.
Conclusions: The LCS prosthesis had good clinical outcomes, comparable TCC, and improved TRA as compared to previous reports, as all knees were located within 10° of the TEA. Simultaneous optimization of both TCC and TRA may contribute to the excellent long-term outcomes that have been observed with this system.
Level of evidence: Level II, Prognostic study.
Keywords: LCS®; Mobile-bearing TKA; Tibial component coverage; Tibial rotational alignment.