Bamboo- and pig-derived biochars reduce leaching losses of dibutyl phthalate, cadmium, and lead from co-contaminated soils

Peng Qin; Hailong Wang; Xing Yang; Lizhi He; Karin Müller; Sabry M Shaheen; Song Xu; Jörg Rinklebe; Daniel C W Tsang; Yong Sik Ok; Nanthi Bolan; Zhaoliang Song; Lei Che; Xiaoya Xu

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.162

Bamboo- and pig-derived biochars reduce leaching losses of dibutyl phthalate, cadmium, and lead from co-contaminated soils

Chemosphere. 2018 May:198:450-459. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.162. Epub 2018 Feb 3.

Authors

Peng Qin¹, Hailong Wang², Xing Yang¹, Lizhi He¹, Karin Müller³, Sabry M Shaheen⁴, Song Xu⁵, Jörg Rinklebe⁶, Daniel C W Tsang⁷, Yong Sik Ok⁸, Nanthi Bolan⁹, Zhaoliang Song¹⁰, Lei Che¹¹, Xiaoya Xu¹²

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
² Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China; Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China; Guangdong Dazhong Agriculture Science Co. Ltd., Hongmei Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523169, China. Electronic address: hailong@zafu.edu.cn.
³ The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag, 3123, Hamilton, New Zealand.
⁴ University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33 516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany.
⁵ Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China. Electronic address: xuson@yeah.net.
⁶ University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
⁷ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
⁸ Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
⁹ Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
¹⁰ Institute of the Surface-Earth System Science Research, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
¹¹ School of Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China.
¹² Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China; Zhejiang Chengbang Landscape Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 310008, China.

PMID: 29425945
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.162

Abstract

Biochar effect on the potential mobility of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in co-contaminated soils is not well investigated. A laboratory leaching study was conducted to evaluate the effect of biochars derived from bamboo (BB) and pig (PB) on the leachability of DBP, Cd, and Pb through soil columns packed with two soils with low or high organic carbon content (LOC; 0.35% C: HOC; 2.24% C) and spiked with DBP, Cd, and Pb. Application of PB to the LOC soil significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the leaching loss by up to 88% for DBP, 38% for Cd, and 71% for Pb, whereas its impact was insignificant in the HOC soil. The higher efficacy of PB in reducing the leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb in the LOC soil than that of BB might be related to PB's higher specific surface area, surface alkalinity, pH, and mineral contents compared to those of BB. Co-contamination of Cd and Pb enhanced leaching of DBP in the LOC soil treated with PB, possibly by competition for the sorption sites. Leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the LOC soil than in the HOC soil. This study revealed that the effectiveness of biochars was dependent on the soil organic carbon content. Application of PB to the LOC soil was effective in reducing the leaching risk of DBP, Cd, and Pb.

Keywords: Black carbon; Charcoal; Mixed pollution; Phthalate acid esters; Potentially toxic elements.

MeSH terms

Animals
Cadmium / chemistry*
Charcoal / chemistry*
Dibutyl Phthalate / chemistry*
Environmental Pollution
Environmental Restoration and Remediation / methods*
Lead / chemistry*
Sasa
Soil / chemistry
Soil Pollutants / analysis
Soil Pollutants / chemistry*
Swine

Substances

Soil
Soil Pollutants
biochar
Cadmium
Charcoal
Dibutyl Phthalate
Lead