Oroxylum indicum root bark extract prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage by restoring redox balance

Seema Menon; Lincy Lawrence; Vipin P Sivaram; Jose Padikkala

doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2017.06.007

Oroxylum indicum root bark extract prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage by restoring redox balance

J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2019 Jul-Sep;10(3):159-165. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.06.007. Epub 2018 Feb 3.

Authors

Seema Menon¹, Lincy Lawrence¹, Vipin P Sivaram¹, Jose Padikkala²

Affiliations

¹ Amala Cancer Research Centre (Recognized Research Centre of University of Calicut), Amala Nagar, Thrissur 680 555, Kerala, India.
² Amala Cancer Research Centre (Recognized Research Centre of University of Calicut), Amala Nagar, Thrissur 680 555, Kerala, India. Electronic address: jpadikkala@rediffmail.com.

Abstract

Background: Oroxylum indicum Vent., a Dasamula plant used in Ayurveda possesses antioxidant properties.

Objectives: To evaluate the cardioprotective effect of 70% methanolic extract of O. indicum Vent. root bark (OIM) against doxorubicin induced cardiomyopathy in female Sprague Dawley rats.

Materials and methods: Cardiotoxicity was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of doxorubicin 30 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) for 4 consecutive days after a ten-day pre-treatment of animals with OIM at 200 mg/kg b.w. and 400 mg/kg b.w (p.o.). Drug treatment continued up to day 14. Probucol, orally administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. served as standard. ECG was recorded. The animals were sacrificed on day 15 and comparative analysis of serum marker levels of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), tissue antioxidant status based on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), reduced Glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) was carried out. Histopathological examination was carried out using hematoxylin-eosin staining.

Results: ECG records of OIM treated animals showed normal pattern, in comparison to the control with ST depression and arrhythmia in cardiogram. Tissue antioxidant profile (SOD, GSH and GPx) was significantly (p < 0.01) elevated in the cardiac tissue of treated group in dose-dependent manner; lipid peroxidation level was found to decrease with treatment. Comparative analysis of serum markers - CPK, LDH, SGOT and SGPT - among untreated control, standard and extract treated groups revealed that OIM extract at 400 mg/kg b.w. dose significantly reduced the levels (p < 0.01). Histological analysis revealed normal myocardial architecture in OIM treated groups. HPTLC fingerprint of OIM revealed 8 bands and detected the presence of chrysin, apigenin and quercetin.

Conclusion: O. indicum root bark shows marked cardio-protective activity, possibly due to the presence of antioxidant compounds acting synergistically.

Keywords: Cardioprotection; Doxorubicin; HPTLC; Oroxylum indicum Vent..