Flow Cytometry Analysis of mTOR Signaling in Antigen-Specific B Cells

Methods Mol Biol. 2018:1707:95-109. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7474-0_7.

Abstract

B lymphocytes and their differentiated daughter cells are charged with responding to invading pathogens and producing protective antibodies against these pathogens. The physiology of B cells is intimately connected with the function of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR). Upon activation of BCR, transmembrane signals are generated, and several downstream pathways are activated, which provide a primary directive for the cell's subsequent response. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that controls cell proliferation and metabolism in response to a diverse range of extracellular stimuli. The activation of mTOR signaling downstream of PI3K/Akt activity by B cell receptor (BCR) engagement has been generally assumed to be essential for B cell responses. This chapter seeks to present two protocols to evaluate mTOR activity in B cells bearing BCR specific to 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylacetyl (NP)-hapten.

Keywords: Antigen specific B cell; B cell receptor; Ex-vivo; Flow cytometry; In vitro; NP-hapten; mTOR.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • B-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Flow Cytometry / methods*
  • Haptens / immunology
  • Haptens / pharmacology
  • Mice
  • Nitrophenols / pharmacology
  • Phenylacetates / pharmacology
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / immunology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / immunology
  • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / immunology*
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / immunology*
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / immunology*

Substances

  • Haptens
  • Nitrophenols
  • Phenylacetates
  • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
  • 4-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl acetic acid
  • mTOR protein, mouse
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases