Antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants of northwest Pakistan traditionally used against mastitis in livestock

Rahila Amber; Muhammad Adnan; Akash Tariq; Shahid Niaz Khan; Sakina Mussarat; Abeer Hashem; Asma A Al-Huqail; Al-Bandari Fahad Al-Arjani; Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.02.008

Antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants of northwest Pakistan traditionally used against mastitis in livestock

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2018 Jan;25(1):154-161. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.02.008. Epub 2017 Mar 6.

Authors

Rahila Amber¹, Muhammad Adnan², Akash Tariq², Shahid Niaz Khan¹, Sakina Mussarat², Abeer Hashem^{3

4}, Asma A Al-Huqail³, Al-Bandari Fahad Al-Arjani³, Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
² Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan.
³ Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza 12511, Egypt.
⁵ Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of traditionally used anti-mastitis plants (Allium sativum, Bunium persicum, Oryza sativa and Triticum aestivum) in northwest Pakistan against bacterial pathogens. Selected plants were phytochemically screened for Alkaloids, Flavonoids, and Saponins and checked for in vitro antibacterial activity at concentration of 50 mg/ml against S. aureus, E. coli and K. pneumoniae by agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration was determined against multidrug resistant bacteria using tube dilution method. All extracts were found to significantly inhibit (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) the activity against bacterial strains examined. Among phytochemicals, alkaloids of all tested antimastitis plants produced significantly higher inhibition zones against bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of phytochemicals and crude methanolic extracts against tested bacterial strains ranged between 12.5-50 mg/ml and 25-50 mg/ml, respectively. Medicinal plants traditionally used against mastitis are therapeutically active against bacterial pathogens. A. sativum and B. persicum were found to be potential candidate species for the development of novel veterinary drugs with low cost and fewer side effects.

Keywords: ATCC, American Type Culture Collection; Dairy animals; Ethnomedicines; In vitro activities; Infectious disease; MBC, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration; MDR, Multidrug resistant; MIC, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; Phytochemicals.