Muscle strength and regional lean body mass influence on mineral bone health in young male adults

Bianca Rosa Guimarães; Luciana Duarte Pimenta; Danilo Alexandre Massini; Daniel Dos Santos; Leandro Oliveira da Cruz Siqueira; Astor Reis Simionato; Luiz Gustavo Almeida Dos Santos; Cassiano Merussi Neiva; Dalton Muller Pessôa Filho

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0191769

Muscle strength and regional lean body mass influence on mineral bone health in young male adults

PLoS One. 2018 Jan 25;13(1):e0191769. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191769. eCollection 2018.

Affiliations

¹ Departament of Physiotherapy, University of Alfenas (Unifenas), Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
² Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Franca (Unifran), Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
³ Postgraduate Program in Human Development and Technology, Bioscience Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Physical Education, College of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.

Abstract

The relationship between muscle strength and bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) is supposed from the assumption of the mechanical stress influence on bone tissue metabolism. However, the direct relationship is not well established in younger men, since the enhancement of force able to produce effective changes in bone health, still needs to be further studied. This study aimed to analyze the influence of muscle strength on BMC and BMD in undergraduate students. Thirty six men (24.9 ± 8.6 y/o) were evaluated for regional and whole-body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). One repetition maximum tests (1RM) were assessed on flat bench-press (BP), lat-pull down (LPD), leg-curl (LC), knee extension (KE), and leg-press 45° (LP45) exercises. Linear regression modelled the relationships of BMD and BMC to the regional body composition and 1RM values. Measurements of dispersion and error (R2adj and standard error of estimate (SEE)) were tested, setting ρ at ≤0.05. The BMD mean value for whole-body was 1.12±0.09 g/cm2 and BMC attained 2477.9 ± 379.2 g. The regional lean mass (LM) in upper-limbs (UL) (= 6.80±1.21 kg) was related to BMC and BMD for UL (R2adj = 0.74, p<0.01, SEE = 31.0 g and R2adj = 0.63, SEE = 0.08 g/cm2), and LM in lower-limbs (LL) (= 19.13±2.50 kg) related to BMC and BMD for LL (R2adj = 0.68, p<0,01, SEE = 99.3 g and R2adj = 0.50, SEE = 0.20 g/cm2). The 1RM in BP was related to BMD (R2adj = 0.51, SEE = 0.09 g/cm2), which was the strongest relationship among values of 1RM for men; but, 1RM on LPD was related to BMC (R2adj = 0.47, p<0.01, SEE = 44.6 g), and LC was related to both BMC (R2adj = 0.36, p<0.01, SEE = 142.0 g) and BMD (R2adj = 0.29, p<0.01, SEE = 0.23 g/cm2). Hence, 1RM for multi-joint exercises is relevant to BMC and BMD in young men, strengthening the relationship between force and LM, and suggesting both to parametrizes bone mineral health.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Absorptiometry, Photon
Adolescent
Adult
Body Composition*
Bone Density*
Humans
Male
Muscle Strength*
Young Adult

Grants and funding

Authors would like to thank CNPq (CsF—PDE: 237942/2012-7) to the fellowship support to Pessôa Filho, DM. Authors would like to thank all participants in university social program: Gymnasium at Sport Square (PROEX—UNESP—2013, 2014 and 2015). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.