Low glycemic index treatment (LGIT) is one of the new kinds of ketogenic diet (KD), designed to simplify the implementation of the KD. To date, several studies have attempted to determine the efficacy of LGIT in patients with epilepsy; however, their results are debatable. This study aims to retrieve all the LGIT studies to shed light on LGIT efficacy in epileptic patients. Electronic literature databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE were searched in July 2017. Interventional or observational studies exploring the efficacy of LGIT were included in the study. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute quality assessment tool was used for the quality assessment of included studies. Two hundred and eighteen records were retrieved through a literature search. Following the screening process, eight studies were included. According to the ratings of the quality assessment tool, four studies were classified as good and four were categorized as fair. The result of the current study reveals that LGIT has a beneficial effect in patients with intractable epilepsy. However, more high-quality studies are required to determine the efficacy of LGIT in patients with intractable epilepsy.
Keywords: Epilepsy; Ketogenic diet; Low glycemic index diet.