Examination of gait parameters during perturbed over-ground walking in children with autism spectrum disorder

Jeffrey D Eggleston; Merrill R Landers; Barry T Bates; Ed Nagelhout; Janet S Dufek

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2018.01.004

Examination of gait parameters during perturbed over-ground walking in children with autism spectrum disorder

Res Dev Disabil. 2018 Mar:74:50-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.01.004. Epub 2018 Jan 24.

Authors

Jeffrey D Eggleston¹, Merrill R Landers², Barry T Bates³, Ed Nagelhout⁴, Janet S Dufek⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA. Electronic address: egglest6@unlv.nevada.edu.
² Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
³ Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA; Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
⁴ Department of English, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
⁵ Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.

PMID: 29366924
DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.01.004

Abstract

Background: Many children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are school-aged and typically carry a backpack. It is important to understand how this task affects walking. Weighted vests (WVs) often prescribed to mitigate behavioral effects of ASD. The effects of backpack and WV walking have not been examined in children with ASD.

Aims: To quantify differences in lower extremity mechanics in children with ASD during WV and backpack walking.

Methods: Eight male participants completed 15 trials in three conditions: body mass, and carrying or wearing a backpack or WV with 15% added body mass. Three-dimensional kinematic data were collected and normalized to 100% of the gait cycle. The Model Statistic was utilized to test for bilateral asymmetries between the lower extremity joints at all points along the gait cycle.

Results: Analysis revealed similar numbers of significant asymmetries in hip (71.0, 70.4, 60.6), knee (68.4, 71.5, 74.6), and ankle (64.1, 68.9, 68.4) for unloaded, backpack, and WV, respectively.

Conclusion: Participants exhibited individualized kinematic symmetry-responses to the loaded conditions compared to the unloaded condition. These findings suggest that 15% body mass backpack or WV does not affect gait symmetry in children with ASD.

Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; Backpacks; Load carriage; Locomotion; Pediatrics; Weighted vests.

MeSH terms

Autism Spectrum Disorder* / diagnosis
Autism Spectrum Disorder* / physiopathology
Biomechanical Phenomena / physiology
Body Mass Index
Child
Female
Gait / physiology*
Humans
Lower Extremity / physiopathology*
Male
Walking / physiology*
Weight-Bearing / physiology*