Purpose: Cardiorespiratory fitness is positively related to heart failure (HF) prognosis, but lack of time and low energy are barriers for adherence to exercise. We, therefore, compared the effect of low-volume time-based resistance exercise training (TRE) with aerobic moderate-intensity cycling (AMC) on maximal and submaximal exercise capacity, health-related quality of life, and vascular function.
Methods: Twenty-eight HF patients (New York Heart Association class I-II) performed AMC (n = 14) or TRE (n = 14). Maximal and submaximal exercise capacity, health-related quality of life, and vascular function were evaluated before and after a 6-wk training intervention with 3 training sessions per week. The AMC group and the TRE group trained for 45 and 25 min per training session, respectively. During the training sessions, the TRE and AMC groups trained at 60 ± 4% and 59 ± 2% (mean ± standard deviation) of (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2peak, respectively.
Results: The energy expenditure was significantly greater in AMC than in TRE (P < .05). The (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2peak and Wattpeak increased in AMC group (P < .001) and TRE group (P = .001), with no differences between groups. Six-minute walk distance also increased in both groups (AMC, P = .006 and TRE, P = .036), with no difference between groups. Health-related quality of life improved equally in the 2 groups, whereas vascular function did not change in either group.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that AMC and TRE equally improved exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in lower New York Heart Association-stage HF patients, despite less time required as well as lower energy expenditure during TRE than during AMC. Therefore, TRE might represent a time-efficient exercise modality for improving adherence to exercise in patients with class I-II HF.