Objective: The study aimed to systematically review the association between angiogenesis and clinicopathological characteristics and its prognostic value in patients with endometrial cancer.
Methods: Eligible studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang database. Studies that assessed blood microvessel density (BMVD) and correlated with clinicopathological features and/or overall survival (OS) were included. Geometric mean values and hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval were pooled to examine the risk or hazard association. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on populations, BMVD criteria, BMVD markers, and type of survival analysis.
Results: A total of 29 studies of 2517 patients were included. BMVD was associated with depth of myometrial invasion (MI) [standard mean difference (SMD) 1.24; 95% CI 0.53-1.95; P = 0.0006], lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) (SMD 0.75; 95% CI 0.3-1.21; P = 0.001), and lymph node metastasis (LNM) (SMD 0.99; 95% CI 0.46-1.52; P = 0.0003). BMVD was also significantly associated with poor OS (HR 2.65; 95% CI 1.86-3.77; P < 0.00001). The association remained significant in the subgroups Asian population, BMVD criteria using Weidner method, BMVD marker CD34 for MI, LVSI, and LNM, CD105 for MI, and factor VIII for MI and LNM, respectively. For OS, either Asian or non-Asian population, BMVD criteria using Weidner or non-Weidner method, BMVD marker CD31, or factor VIII antibody and analysis using univariate or multivariate were all significantly associated.
Conclusions: BMVD was associated with deeper MI, positive LVSI, positive LNM, and poor OS in patients with endometrial cancer. Therefore, angiogenesis is a useful measure for poor clinicopathological outcomes and prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer.
Keywords: Endometrial cancer; Lymph node metastasis; Lymphovascular space invasion; Microvessel density; Myometrial invasion; Overall survival.