[Epidemiological characteristics of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in Peru: Results of the PEruvian Registry of ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (PERSTEMI)]

Abstract

Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics, treatment, reperfusion strategies and in-hospital adverse events of patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction in Peru.

Methods: Observational, prospective multicentre study in patients over 18 years admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of ST elevation myocardial infarction.

Results: A total of 396 patients were enrolled in the registry during February 2016 to February 2017. The mean age was 64.9±12 years, and 21% were women. In the first 12h of onset 38% of patients were fibrinolysed, 29% underwent primary PCI, and 33% did not receive any reperfusion. Pharmaco-invasive strategy was used in 12.9% of cases. The fibrinolysis was successful in 65% of patients, and primary PCI success was 82%. The hospital stay was 6 days (IQR 5-10). In-hospital mortality was 10.1%, with the first cause of death being due to cardiogenic shock. The rate of in-hospital re-infarction was 2.2%, and the rate of acute heart failure was 25%. Age>75 years, large infarct size, left ventricular ejection fraction<40%, and absence of negative T waves on post-reperfusion electrocardiogram were independently related to higher in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions: In Peru, ST elevation myocardial infarction most frequently affects men between 60-70 years. The most frequent initial reperfusion treatment is fibrinolysis, followed by primary angioplasty, and pharmaco-invasive strategy. The main reason for the lack of administration of reperfusion treatment was the delay from symptoms onset to first medical contact. The most common cause of in-hospital death was cardiogenic shock.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Epidemiología; Infarto de miocardio; Myocardial infarction; Peru; Perú; Reperfusion; Reperfusión.