Feet kinematics upon slipping discriminate between recoveries and three types of slip-induced falls

Ergonomics. 2018 Jun;61(6):866-876. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1413212. Epub 2018 Jan 3.

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between feet kinematics upon slipping while walking and the outcome of the slip. Seventy-one slips (induced by walking over an unexpectedly slippery surface) were analysed, which included 37 recoveries, 16 feet-split falls, 11 feet-forward falls and seven lateral falls. Feet kinematics differed between recoveries and three types of slip-induced falls, and a discriminant model including six measures of feet kinematics correctly predicted 87% of slip outcomes. Two potentially modifiable characteristics of the feet kinematics upon slipping that can improve the likelihood of successfully averting a fall were identified: (1) quickly arresting the motion of the slipping foot and (2) a recovery step that places the trailing toe approximately 0-10% body height anterior to the sacrum. These results may inform the development of task-specific balance training interventions that promote favourable recovery responses to slipping. Practitioner Summary: This study investigated the relationship between feet movements upon slipping and outcomes of the slip. Potentially modifiable characteristics that can reduce the likelihood of falling were: (1) quickly arresting slipping foot motion and (2) a recovery step that places the trailing toe approximately 0-10% body height anterior to the sacrum.

Keywords: Slips; balance; biomechanics; falls; training.

MeSH terms

  • Accidental Falls*
  • Adaptation, Physiological / physiology*
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Female
  • Foot / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Surface Properties
  • Walking / physiology*
  • Young Adult