The Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB) is a widely used measure for methodological quality of randomized controlled trials. This paper discusses RoB's rationale and risk of bias domains, reports on its application in current psychotherapy meta-analyses, and offers comments regarding the application of RoB in the context of psychotherapy outcome research. Our suggestions include focusing on patient's and therapist's expectations when judging the domain "blinding of personnel and participants" and paying greater attention to the domain "selective outcome reporting" and to matters of "treatment implementation."
Keywords: meta-analysis; outcome research; randomized controlled trials; risk of bias; study quality.