Continued Transmission of HIV Among Young Adults Who Inject Drugs in San Francisco: Still Room for Improvement

Ali Mirzazadeh; Jennifer L Evans; Judith A Hahn; Jennifer Jain; Alya Briceno; Stephen Shiboski; Paula J Lum; Christopher Bentsen; Geoff Davis; Kathy Shriver; Melanie Dimapasoc; Mars Stone; Michael P Busch; Kimberly Page

doi:10.1007/s10461-017-1988-y

Continued Transmission of HIV Among Young Adults Who Inject Drugs in San Francisco: Still Room for Improvement

AIDS Behav. 2018 Apr;22(4):1383-1394. doi: 10.1007/s10461-017-1988-y.

Authors

Ali Mirzazadeh¹, Jennifer L Evans², Judith A Hahn^{2

3}, Jennifer Jain⁴, Alya Briceno², Stephen Shiboski⁵, Paula J Lum³, Christopher Bentsen⁶, Geoff Davis⁶, Kathy Shriver⁶, Melanie Dimapasoc⁷, Mars Stone⁷, Michael P Busch^{7

8}, Kimberly Page⁹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. ali.mirzazadeh@ucsf.edu.
² Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
³ Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
⁴ Department of Global Public Health and Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
⁵ Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 995 Potrero Avenue, Building 80, Ward 84, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA.
⁶ Bio-Rad Laboratories, Redmond, WA, USA.
⁷ Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.
⁸ Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
⁹ Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Preventive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

Abstract

We measured HIV incidence rate, trend and risk factors in 564 HIV-negative young people (< 30 years) who inject drugs (PWID) in San Francisco between 2000 and 2014. HIV incidence was 0.93/100 person-years (PY; 95% CI 0.50, 1.73). Incidence varied between 0.62/100 PY in 2000-2002 and 1.06/100 PY in 2012-2014 (P for trend = 1.0). HIV incidence varied significantly (P < 0.01) by race/ethnicity: among Hispanics it was 8.19/100 PY (95% CI 3.41, 19.68), African-Americans 4.59/100 PY (95% CI 1.15, 18.37), and Whites 0.26/100 PY (95% CI 0.06, 1.03). Male participants who reported sex with men (MSM) had higher HIV incidence (2.63/100 PY; 95% CI 1.31, 5.25) compared to males who did not report MSM (0.50/100 PY; 95% CI 0.12, 1.99) (P = 0.01). Despite an overall stable HIV incidence trend, incidence was elevated among African-American and Hispanic PWID, and men who have sex with men. Addressing prevention needs in these key populations is critical for the goal of eliminating HIV transmission.

Keywords: Cohort studies; Drug users; Epidemiology; HIV; Incidence; Injection; San Francisco; Young adults.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Black or African American / statistics & numerical data*
Cohort Studies
Drug Users / statistics & numerical data
HIV Infections / diagnosis
HIV Infections / epidemiology
HIV Infections / psychology*
HIV Infections / transmission*
Heterosexuality / psychology
Hispanic or Latino / statistics & numerical data*
Homosexuality, Male / psychology
Humans
Incidence
Male
San Francisco / epidemiology
Sexual Behavior / psychology*
Substance Abuse, Intravenous / diagnosis
Substance Abuse, Intravenous / epidemiology*
Substance Abuse, Intravenous / psychology
White People / statistics & numerical data*
Young Adult

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding