Short-Term High- and Moderate-Intensity Training Modifies Inflammatory and Metabolic Factors in Response to Acute Exercise

Fabio Santos Lira; Thaislaine Dos Santos; Renan Santos Caldeira; Daniela S Inoue; Valéria L G Panissa; Carolina Cabral-Santos; Eduardo Z Campos; Bruno Rodrigues; Paula A Monteiro

doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00856

Short-Term High- and Moderate-Intensity Training Modifies Inflammatory and Metabolic Factors in Response to Acute Exercise

Front Physiol. 2017 Oct 31:8:856. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00856. eCollection 2017.

Authors

Fabio Santos Lira¹, Thaislaine Dos Santos¹, Renan Santos Caldeira¹, Daniela S Inoue¹, Valéria L G Panissa², Carolina Cabral-Santos¹, Eduardo Z Campos³, Bruno Rodrigues⁴, Paula A Monteiro¹

Affiliations

¹ Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
² Department of Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
³ Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
⁴ Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the acute and chronic effects of high intensity intermittent training (HIIT) and steady state training (SST) on the metabolic profile and inflammatory response in physically active men. Methods: Thirty recreationally active men were randomly allocated to a control group (n = 10), HIIT group (n = 10), or SST group (n = 10). For 5 weeks, three times per week, subjects performed HIIT (5 km 1-min at 100% of maximal aerobic speed interspersed by 1-min passive recovery) or SST (5 km at 70% of maximal aerobic speed) while the control group did not perform training. Blood samples were collected at fasting (~12 h), pre-exercise, immediately post, and 60 min post-acute exercise session (pre- and post-5 weeks training). Blood samples were analyzed for glucose, non-ester fatty acid (NEFA), and cytokine (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) levels through a three-way analysis (group, period, and moment of measurement) with repeated measures in the second and third factors. Results: The results showed an effect of moment of measurement (acute session) with greater values to TNF-α and glucose immediately post the exercise when compared to pre exercise session, independently of group or training period. For IL-6 there was an interaction effect for group and moment of measurement (acute session) the increase occurred immediately post-exercise session and post-60 min in the HIIT group while in the SST the increase was observed only 60 min post, independently of training period. For IL-10, there was an interaction for training period (pre- and post-training) and moment of measurement (acute session), in which in pre-training, pre-exercise values were lower than immediately and 60 min post-exercise, in post-training period pre-exercise values were lower than immediately post-exercise and immediately post-exercise lower than 60 min post, it was also observed that values immediately post-exercise were lower pre- than post-training, being all results independently of intensity (group). Conclusion: Our main result point to an interaction (acute and chronic) for IL-10 showing attenuation post-training period independent of exercise intensity.

Keywords: IL-6; TNF-α; cytokines; exercise; metabolism.