Adverse Reactions to Biologics: Melanoma (Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab)

Abstract

With increasing use of immunotherapies such as anti-cytotoxic T cell lymphocyte antigen-4 and anti-programmed cell death 1 antibodies, various skin toxicities have emerged. Severity of skin toxicities varies from mild lichenoid reaction to severe toxic epidermal necrolysis. Appropriate diagnosis and management of these skin toxicities are essential for optimal patient care and to avoid unnecessary cessation of anti-cancer therapies. This review summarises a wide range of cutaneous manifestations associated with immunotherapy usage in patients with metastatic melanoma.