Neurologic diseases lead to urinary dysfunctions. The aim of this article was to present an overview of diagnosis and evaluation of neurogenic bladder with a special focus on urodynamic tests. Overactive bladder, with high detrusor pressure associated with detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, can lead to severe complications with renal failure, upper urinary tract dilatation and infectious complications. Underactive bladder with voiding dysfunction and urinary retention, is also a risk factor of urological alterations. Full clinical examinations, including urodynamics and selective radiographic imaging studies, are essential to best manage these patients.