Strategies for radiation dose reduction in nuclear cardiology and cardiac computed tomography imaging: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI), the Cardiovascular Committee of European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), and the European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology (ESCR)

Affiliations

• ¹ Fondazione Toscana/CNR Gabriele Monasterio, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
• ² Department of Internal Medicine 2 (Cardiology), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
• ³ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiac Imaging, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
• ⁴ Oslo University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
• ⁵ Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
• ⁶ Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
• ⁷ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm 1148, DHU FIRE, University Paris 7 Diderot, Paris, France.
• ⁸ Departments of Cardiology, Heart Valve Clinic, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège Hospital, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Liège, Belgium.
• ⁹ Gruppo Villa Maria Care and Research, Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy.
• ¹⁰ Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine and Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
• ¹¹ Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
• ¹² Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea.
• ¹³ NIHR Barts BRC, Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
• ¹⁴ Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
• ¹⁵ Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig-Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany.
• ¹⁶ Heart Lung Center Leiden, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.