Improving the quality of discrete-choice experiments in health: how can we assess validity and reliability?

Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2017 Dec;17(6):531-542. doi: 10.1080/14737167.2017.1389648. Epub 2017 Oct 23.

Abstract

The recent endorsement of discrete-choice experiments (DCEs) and other stated-preference methods by regulatory and health technology assessment (HTA) agencies has placed a greater focus on demonstrating the validity and reliability of preference results. Areas covered: We present a practical overview of tests of validity and reliability that have been applied in the health DCE literature and explore other study qualities of DCEs. From the published literature, we identify a variety of methods to assess the validity and reliability of DCEs. We conceptualize these methods to create a conceptual model with four domains: measurement validity, measurement reliability, choice validity, and choice reliability. Each domain consists of three categories that can be assessed using one to four procedures (for a total of 24 tests). We present how these tests have been applied in the literature and direct readers to applications of these tests in the health DCE literature. Based on a stakeholder engagement exercise, we consider the importance of study characteristics beyond traditional concepts of validity and reliability. Expert commentary: We discuss study design considerations to assess the validity and reliability of a DCE, consider limitations to the current application of tests, and discuss future work to consider the quality of DCEs in healthcare.

Keywords: Benefit-risk assessment; discrete-choice experiment; patient preferences; reliability; stated-preference methods; validity.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Choice Behavior*
  • Decision Making*
  • Delivery of Health Care / methods
  • Humans
  • Patient Preference*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Research Design
  • Technology Assessment, Biomedical / methods
  • Validation Studies as Topic