The effect of demographic variables on the assessment of cognitive ability

Psicothema. 2017 Nov;29(4):469-474. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2017.33.

Abstract

Background: This study examines the effect of parental educational levels, sex, and family structure on the WISC-V Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) and primary index scores (VCI, VSI, FRI, WMI, and PSI) in a representative sample of children from Spain ( N = 1008).

Method: Differences between demographic groups were examined using independent-samples t-test , ANOVA and Hochberg post hoc tests. A multiple regression analysis was performed to examine whether demographic variables could predict children’s FSIQ score.

Results: Results showed that the parents’ educational level was a significant predictor of children’s FSIQ and significant increases in mean FSIQ and primary index scores were found as the parents’ educational level increased. Sex was not a significant predictor of children’s FSIQ but slight sex differences were found for PSI. The family structure was a significant predictor of FSIQ but its contribution to the global model was small. Children from two-parent families obtained higher FSIQ, VCI, VSI, and FRI mean scores than children from single parent families.

Conclusions: The results support the design of a normative sample stratified by demographic variables. Parental education levels, as a good predictor of children’s FSIQ score, must be taken into account as a key stratification variable.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Cognition*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Demography*
  • Family Characteristics*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intelligence Tests
  • Male
  • Parents / education*
  • Sex Factors